雖然中國當前在能源領域的南南投資仍主要是煤炭，但巴黎會議的談判者們應繼續鼓勵南南合作向低碳和適應氣候變化的能力方面發展。國際團體應該讓中國及其他新興投資者參與進來，在能源領域中共同構建轉向低碳投資的國際基礎設施融資系統。根據經合組織出口信貸準則和“柏林授權書”的經驗，一個不具備包容性的氣候金融體系解決方案可能會阻礙規則的遵守，而且會降低制定更嚴格規則意愿。相反，談判者應該鼓勵大家使用公約，以構建出公認的定義，既為新興機制，也為現存機制提供向低碳能源領域投資的激勵。這樣的體系可能包含一系列透明的規則，允許各國將特定的低碳國際投資，算作為全球減排作出的“貢獻”。在我們看來，金磚國家應該在這次巴黎會議中發揮領導作用，一方面強化他們具有領先優勢的低碳技術的轉移，另一方面，如果允許的話，可以將投資作為其國家自主貢獻預案中的一部分，以使他們在全世界擴大其對低碳經濟的貢獻范圍。對可持續發展和全球共同減緩氣候變化來說，鼓勵低碳的南南合作投資流向是一次對游戲規則的改變。

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致謝：P.M.H. 在研究之初就獲得了中國教育部中國政府獎學金的支持，同時受到了普林斯頓大學普林斯頓環境學院沃爾布里奇基金、笹川良一優秀青年獎學基金(Sylff) 的支持。 S.J.D 獲得了中國科學院應用生態研究所為年輕國際杰出科學家提供的獎學金。普林斯頓大學的碳減排倡議為數據提供了資金。感謝 Robert Socolow, Robert Keohane, Sarah Batterman, Vyoma Jha, Lavanya Rajamani, and Bryce Rudyk 提供的有用反饋。 

作者貢獻: P.M.H. 同Z.L.協商設想了本項目并進行分析、寫成論文； M.O., S.J.D. 和Z.L. 在論證框架和編輯方面提供了大量知識內容；Z.L. 和M.O. 共同提出了建議。